ᒪᓕᒐᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᐃᑦ

ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᖅ ᑐᕌᒐᐅᔪᖅ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᙵᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᕿᒥᕐᕈᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᒫᓐᓴ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑐᒃᓯᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᕆᔨᓂᑦ, ᐊᑐᐊᒐᓕᕆᔨᓂᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᓂᑦ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᐅᔪᒪᔪᑦ ᒫᓐᓇ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᐃᓂᐅᔪᓂᒃ − ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᒃᑯᓕᒫᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᓯᖅᑕᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᓂᓪᓕᐊᔾᔪᑎᒋᓇᓱᐊᖅᑕᒥᖕᓄᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᒋᐊᕈᑎᓄᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑕᕆᐊᖃᕈᑎᒃ. ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒥᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᓄᑦ ᐃᓂᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᑎᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᔾᔪᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥᐅᓄᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᔪᒥᒍᓱᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᓄᑦ.

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ (UNCLOS) ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᐃᔪᓂᒃ ᑭᒡᓕᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐲᔭᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒦᒐᔪᒃᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᖔᖅᑐᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑎᑎᕋᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1. ᓯᒡᔭᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᓄᕈᓐᓃᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᖕᒪᑕ ᐅᖓᓯᒡᓕᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᐃᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᓕᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᑎᒃ.

ᑎᑎᕋᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1: ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᖓᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ (UNCLOS). ᐊᑐᕐᕕᐅᔪᖅ: https://worldoceanreview.com/en/wor-1/law-of-the-sea/a-constitution-for-the-seas/

 

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ (UNCLOS) ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᓲᑦ ᐅᑯᓂᖓ ᑭᒡᓕᐅᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᔪᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᑦ:

  • ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᑦ: ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᑦ ᐊᖏᓂᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ 12 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᒃ (nm) ᑕᐃᑲᙵᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓂᑦ (ᐃᒪᐃᒐᔪᒃᑐᑦ ᑎᓂᓐᓂᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᖓ). ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓂ ᓯᒡᔭᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ ᐱᓯᒪᓂᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᕐᓂᕋᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᖕᒥᒃ, ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑭᒡᓕᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᓂᑦ. ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ, ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᓗᒃᑖᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᖃᓄᐃᙱᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᓗᓂᔾᔪᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᓂᒃ.
  • ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᑦ: ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓂ ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ 12 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᑦ (nm)ᐅᖓᑖᒍᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᓂᑦ. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑭᒡᓕᐅᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᒪᐃᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ “ᓯᖁᒥᑦᑎᔪᖃᖁᓇᒍ ᐱᐅᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖏᑎᒍᑦ, ᓂᐅᕐᕈᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᒡᓗᓐᒡᓂᑦ ᓴᓗᒪᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒪᓕᒋᐊᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᓗᐊᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑕᐅᔫᑉ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᓂᑦ.”
  • ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔾᔭᒃᓴᐅᑎᒋᔪᓐᓇᓪᓚᕆᒃᑕᖓᑦ ᐃᓂ (EEZ): ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓂ ᐊᖏᓂᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ 200 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᒃ (nm) ᑕᐃᑲᙵᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓂᑦ. ᓯᒡᔭᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᕙᖕᒪᑕ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓂᕿᒃᓴᖅᓯᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐳᐃᔨᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᖔᖅᑐᓂᓪᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᓗᒃᑖᖅᖢᒋᑦ ᐊᖑᓂᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓯᒡᔭᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᑯᖃᓗᐊᙱᒻᒪᑕ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓗᖁᓇᒋᑦ ᑐᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᕙᑎᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᐅᓗᓂ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᔪᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᓄᑦ.
ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᓂᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᓂᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᓯᖁᒥᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ (2) ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᖕᒥᖓᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᐅᔪᑦ − ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᖕᒥᖓ − ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓇᙵᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᖅᐸᒃᑐᓂᑦ ᖁᐊᓵᕐᓇᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓄᑦ. ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᓂᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᙵᓂᑦ ᔮᓄᐊᕆ 1, 2017-ᒥᓂᑦ. ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ ᐃᓗᓕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᒐᓚᖕᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᓂᕐᓂᒃ, ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᕐᓂᒃ, ᐱᖁᑎᓂᒃ, ᐊᐅᓚᓂᕐᓂᒃ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᓂᒃ, ᐱᙱᖕᓇᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕙᑎᒧᑦ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᔪᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᔪᕈᒥᓇᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᒫᓂᑦ ᐊᕙᑖᓃᑦᑑᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑲᔾᔨ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᖕᒥ. ᐊᑐᖅᖢᒍ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐃᒪᐃᒃᑕᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓯᒪᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᓂᑦ ᐃᒫᓂᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᖕᒥᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᓂᒃ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᒡᓕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᓯᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᕙᓪᓕᐊᔭᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᓂ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᖕᓂᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᐃᔪᑦ ᑐᕌᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ, ᐱᖁᑏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᕈᐃᑦᑕᐃᓕᓂᕐᒨᓕᖓᔪᑦ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓘᒐᓗᐊᖅ.

ᓄᓇᖁᑎᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ

ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᓱᕈᒃᑎᑕᐅᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (1985)

ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᐊᕙᑎᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᑦ, ᑖᓐᓇ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᓱᕈᒃᑎᑕᐅᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐃᒪᐃᑎᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᙱᒻᒪᑦ ᑭᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐃᓕᓯᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᓕᓯᔪᓐᓇᖅᓯᑎᑦᑎᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓴᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑐᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐃᒪᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓇᒧᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓄᓇᐃᒧᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓇᓕᐊᖕᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᓴᓃᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᓴᓃᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᙵᑦ ᐃᓕᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓴᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᓯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓕᖕᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐃᒪᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ, ᑯᐃᓐᒧᑦ-ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ (CIRNAC).

ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᕈᐃᔾᔭᐃᖅᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒋᐊᓖᑦ (2017)

ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᒪᓕᒋᐊᓖᑦ, ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᙵᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᓱᕈᒃᑎᑕᐅᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᕈᐃᔾᔭᐃᖅᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑖᓐᓇ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ, ᓴᖅᑮᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᓂᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᑯᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᓯᓂᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓂᒃ. ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᔾᔪᑎᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᕈᐃᔾᔭᐃᖅᓯᒪᓂᕐᒨᓕᖓᔪᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᑕ ᐃᒪᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᓄᑦ.

ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒧᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓂᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (2002)

ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ (NMCA) ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓂᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᓂᔾᔪᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒧᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓂᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐆᒪᓂᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᓱᕋᐃᔭᐃᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓂᕐᒨᓕᖓᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᒪᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᒐᓚᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᐃᓂᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᕚᓪᓕᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᓗᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᐃᓗᓕᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᖓᓂᑦ, ᐃᑭᐊᖓᓃᑦᑐᑦ, ᐃᒥᖅ ᖄᖓᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐆᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓃᑦᑐᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓚᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐃᒪᖅᓱᐃᑦ, ᐅᓕᕝᕕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᑰᑦ, ᕿᑭᖅᑕᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒦᑦᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ. ᐱᓕᕆᓃᑦ ᓲᕐᓗ ᓂᑭᒃᓴᖅᓯᐅᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ, ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᖃᓗᒐᓱᖕᓃᑦ, ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᖕᓃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᓗᖕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓃᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᒪᑕ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓂᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ−ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓃᑦ ᑲᓚᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ. ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᒪᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒥᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓂ, ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᑭᐊᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐃᑭᐊᓂᑦ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᔮᖓᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂᑦ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒥᑦ, ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑐᕐᓗᒍ ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᐃᓂᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᖅᓯᕐᕕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ.

ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (2001)

ᑖᓐᓇ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐱᓪᓗᐊᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᐅᓚᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦ ᓇᓂᓗᒃᑖᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᑕᕆᐅᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᑕᖃᕆᐊᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᕈᐃᔾᔭᐃᖅᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓘᒐᓗᐊᖅ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖃᓗᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᐃᒃᑕᖅᑯᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᒥᕐᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ (2011) ᒪᓕᒐᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ. ᐃᒃᑕᖅᑯᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᖅ ᐃᒥᖅ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᒧᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓯᓚᑖᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐃᒪᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ ᐃᒪᐃᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ (a) ᐃᓄᐃᓴᒃᖠᓯᒪᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖁᐊᖅᓵᕐᓇᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᒫᓂᑦ ᐅᒪᔪᕋᓛᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑖᕐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐃᒃᑕᖅᑯᑕᐅᔪᒥᑦ ᐃᒥᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑯᕕᔭᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᒃᑕᖅᑯᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᒦᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ; ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ (b) ᐲᖅᓯᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓴᓇᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓪᓕᑎᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑑᒐᓗᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᒫᓂᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᐊᓛᓄᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑖᕐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᓗᐊᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᐃᒃᑕᖅᑯᑕᐅᔫᑉ ᐃᒥᐅᑉ.

ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 136 ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ, ᑖᓐᓇ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᖕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ (2010) ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓂᐅᔪᓂ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓂᖓᓂ (NORDREG) ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᓗᒃᑖᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᓂᑦ. ᒪᓕᒐᐃ ᐃᒪᐃᑦᑕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐃᓯᓚᐅᖅᑳᖅᑎᓐᓇᒋᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓂᐅᔪᓂ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓂᖓᓂ (NORDREG) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᑎᓪᒋᑦ ᐅᓗᐊᓂᑦ.

ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᕙᑎᖓᓄᑦ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔾᔪᑎ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (1999)

ᑖᓐᓇ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᕙᑎᖓᓄᑦ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔾᔪᑎ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᓱᕈᐃᔾᔭᐃᖅᓯᒪᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᓗᒪ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᕙᑎᐅᑉ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᓂᒪᖃᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᓕᐅᑎᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓱᕋᐃᔭᐃᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᕙᑎᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓯᓚᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒦᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ.

ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕝᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (1985)

ᑖᓐᓇ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕝᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕝᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕝᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᒪᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᐃᒪᐃᑦᑕᕆᐊᖃᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᓴᓇᓗᑎᒃ, ᐃᓕᓯᓗᑎᒃ, ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᕆᓗᑭᒃ, ᓴᓇᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓗᓂᔾᔪᒃ, ᐲᖅᓯᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᔪᓐᓃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ, ᖄᖓᓂᑦ, ᐅᖓᑖᓂᑦ, ᐊᑖᓂᑦ, ᑕᐃᑰᓇ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓇᑲᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕝᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᒪᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᓂᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᓂᔾᔪᒃ ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᒪᓕᒡᓗᓂᔾᔪᒃ ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖏᑦ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᖅ, ᖃᒪᓂᑦᑐᐊᖅ, ᐅᓗᒃᓴᖅᑑᖅ, ᑑᐹᓐᑦ, ᑲᔾᔮᓐ, ᓲᐳ, ᑏᓛᓐ ᑰᖏᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕝᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᒪᐃᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᒍ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑖᔅᓱᒧᖓ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᒧᑦ, ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ.

ᐃᖃᓗᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (1985)

ᐃᖃᓗᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦᐃᖃᓗᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕙᑎᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓯᓚᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒦᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ. ᑲᒪᔪᖅ ᑲᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᒃ, ᐊᖑᓇᓱᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ ᓇᔪᒐᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓱᕈᐃᔾᔭᐃᖅᓯᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒍ ᐃᖃᓗᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ, ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᐳᐃᔨᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᑦ ᑲᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᐳᐃᔨᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᔪᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓃᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ.

ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (1994)

ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᖅ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᒻᒥᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᒃᑲᓂᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᓂᒃ − ᐅᓄᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᑐᐊᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᑦ − ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᕙᕝᕕᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐃᒪᐃᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᔪᓂᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᒥᖔᖅᑐᑦ ᓱᕈᐃᑦ ᐃᒋᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᑭᓱᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᒫᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᓄᑦ. ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᑦ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᖅᓯᕐᕕᖓᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᔪᙱᑎᑦᑎᖕᒪᑕ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᑦ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᖅᓯᕐᕕᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᑦ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᖅᓯᕐᕕᖏᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᓗᐊᖅᑕᐅᖁᓇᒋᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᑦ. ᐱᓕᕆᓃᑦ ᓱᕋᐃᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᓄᑦ, ᐃᕙᕝᕕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᒪᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᖁᔭᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ.

ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (1996)

ᑖᓐᓇ ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᑕᕆᐅᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒪᕐᓄᑦ ᐃᓂᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᑕᖃᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᓗᒃᑖᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑦᑎᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᐊᑐᕐᓗᓂᔾᔪᒃ ᐃᖃᓗᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᓂᒃ. ᐊᑐᖅᖢᒍ ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ, ᑖᒃᓇ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓ ᑐᕙᐃᔪᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᓂ ᓴᖅᑮᖕᒪᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒥᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᒃ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᒪᓂᖅ ᐃᓂᒥᒃ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᑎᐊᖑᔪᖅ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᔪᑦ ᐃᓂ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᕐᖓᖅᖢᓂ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᓕᖁᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᒥᒃ, ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᐅᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐃᓂ ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓄᑦ (5) ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᓯᔾᔪᑎ ᐊᑐᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓂᕐᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᓂᕿᒃᓴᖅᓯᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ, ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᕈᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 5 ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᓄᓇᕘᒥᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᒻᒥᑦ.

ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᓂ ᐱᖁᔭᐅᔪᒥᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ (1992)

ᑕᓐᓇ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᓂ ᐱᖁᔭᐅᔪᒥᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᕆᐊᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑭᑎᑦᑎᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᑎᑭᑦᑐᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖁᐊᖅᓵᓇᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᕙᑎᒥᒃ ᓱᕋᐃᓂᕐᒥᒃ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ, ᑐᙵᕕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᖁᐊᖅᓵᓇᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ, ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᑎᑦᑎᖕᒪᑦ ᐊᑕᖏᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔪᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔨᒋᐊᕈᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ (ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑐᐊᕕᕐᓇᑐᓕᕆᕝᕕᖕᒥᒃ) ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᖁᐊᖅᓵᓇᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᑭᓱᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑕᖏᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᐅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᒫᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ.